Thursday, August 27, 2020

Review of Related Literature and Studies Essay

Being consistently present in class and getting the chance to class on time are two of the critical deciding elements of a student’s achievement, as an understudy as well as an individual who will deal with his/her own life later on. Given the significance of being dependable, this investigation intends to investigate and discover the variables that influence the reliability of UP understudies. In this part, we will examine about the foundation of our examination. It incorporates realities about lateness, the various components that makes it and its impact the understudies as understudies and as conveyor of their own lives later on. From solid exploration materials like online diaries and examination papers, we will give a few realities and hypotheses from creators, educators and striking individuals so as to have a solid support of our investigation. In the first place, we will give a meaning of lateness and present a few hypotheses and realities about it. Next, we will talk about he different variables that makes the understudies come to class late, the mental speculations, the perception of the educators and the individual reasons of the understudies. In conclusion, the impacts of lateness to understudies, to himself/herself yet additionally to his/her future and to others, will be talked about. Lateness As UP understudies, we are relied upon to perform well with greatness in everything that we do, most particularly in the scholastic perspective. One factor that directs the nature of execution of an understudy is his/her promptness that is, getting the chance to class on schedule or being late. As refered to by Nakpodia and Dafiaghor (2011), â€Å"lateness† can be characterized as the â€Å"situation where an individual shows up after the best possible, booked or common time (Oxford Advance Learners’ Dictionary, fifth ed., 1995), Lauby (2009) puts it as a term used to portray â€Å"people not appearing on time† and Breeze et al. (2010) contributed by saying that, delay is interchangeable with â€Å"tardiness†, which suggests being delayed to act or delayed to react, subsequently not getting together with legitimate or normal planning. In conclusion, Weade (2004) characterized lateness as â€Å"being late for any quantifiable period of time past the expre ssed or booked beginning time for work or school.† In many schools, an understudy is considered tardyâ when he/she is absent when the school chime rings or when the primary educator begins to give instructional materials for the main subject toward the beginning of the day class. One of the most repeating and the most â€Å"frustrating problem† that the schools are having with their understudies these days is lateness (Sprick and Daniels, 2007). It makes issues, to the understudies as well as to the instructors (Cowan Avenue Elementary School Community, 2007, para 1). Cowan Crier, the official School Publication of CAESC, additionally expresses that while having â€Å"occasional tardy† isn’t a serious deal, unfailing lateness is and it gives understudies issues including being not well arranged for the activity showcase. As per the aftereffects of the investigation of the U.S. Division of Education on â€Å"truancy†, which is identified with lateness, being available and on time in going to class are enormous factors on the â€Å"success and behavior† of the understudies (Zeiger, 2010, para 1). In this way, it is a ton critical to esteem time and work on being on schedule while being an understudy. As indicated by CAESC (2007) and Zeiger (2010), the most basic learning time for the understudies lies toward the beginning of the day, explicitly between 8:00 to 9:30 AM. It is on the grounds that the understudies are generally careful and perceptive during this time. It is likewise the motivation behind why the most significant exercises and topics are examined during this time. So when understudies are late or are absent during this time, they, in actuality, pass up a major opportunity the majority of the significant exercises to be noted and learned. Elements influencing Punctuality Purposes behind being late in class and different components influencing the timeliness if an understudy shift. There had been a few speculations that called attention to that lateness is brought about by the character of an individual. Santillano (2010) expressed that mental scholars thought about some â€Å"personality attributes, including low confidence and anxiety† as activating components of lateness (para 2). She additionally referenced that while a few scholars considered lateness as a â€Å"inborn quality† since our being early or late is â€Å"partially naturally determined†, which she likewise concurred, different specialists likewise accepted that a few people are â€Å"chronically tardy† for the explanation that they deliberately and unknowingly get beneficial things from it (para 3). In the book refered to by Santillano, â€Å"Never be late once more: 7 remedies for the reliably challenged†, the writer Diana DeLonzor proposed that someâ personality qualities could in all likelihood lead to an individual being frequently late. A portion of the qualities included were â€Å"struggling with self control†, â€Å"feeling apprehensive or awkward with social situations† and â€Å"getting occupied easily† (para 4). Santillano likewise talked about the investigation directed by DeLonzor at San Francisco State University in 1997 in which she overviewed 225 respondents about their propensities that makes them late from their arrangements. It was likewise a test on the characters of the respondents that influence their propensities. As indicated by the aftereffects of DeLonzor’s study, those respondents that were frequently late well-suited to be on edge and gets diverted without any problem. Nakpodia and Dafiaghor credit delay or lateness to a great deal of elements or causes. Heading to sleep and getting up late next morning are the most widely recognized. The creators included film-observing late around evening time as a reason for lateness. The understudy may overlook that he/she should be in school the following day. The separation between the student’s home and school or exclusively the school’s area is likewise considered by Nakpodia and Dafiaghor as a potential reason for lateness. Not on the grounds that it requires some investment to get the chance to class, however as indicated by the creators, the understudy is vulnerable to more interruptions and preventions en route. Parent’s less than ideal assignments and orders are likewise reasons that understudies arrive behind sche dule to class. Routine lateness can likewise be gained from different individuals from the family, particularly from the more seasoned ones. Absence of a firm and reliable approach on dependability likewise urges understudies to arrive behind schedule at school since there are no results connected to delay or lateness. These reasons for lateness will prompt genuine impacts. Another investigation was the one led by Enamiroro Oghuvbu in Nigeria. The target of the investigation was to decide the reasons for the non-attendance and delay among the auxiliary understudies in Nigeria and to look for answers for the developing issue. As per Oghuvbu (2008), female understudies are bound to be late than male understudies on account of â€Å"their association in local exercises by their parents† (para 7). Additionally, as refered to by Oghuvbu, â€Å"distance to class, school discipline, family foundation and school location† (Emore, 2005) are a portion of the basic reasons for the lateness of the auxiliary understudies. Oghuvbu gathered the information from an example size of 17, 417 Nigerian respondents from 2005-2006 . The example was comprised of 20 principals and 50 each from a lot of educators, guardians and understudies. The methods for collectingâ data was through a thirty-thing survey liable by either unequivocally concur (SA), concurred (A), deviate (D), and firmly dissented (SD). The poll had four inquiries, one of which was about the reasons for delay among the auxiliary understudies of Nigeria. The examination uncovered that the reasons for delay among the optional understudies in Nigeria were â€Å"going late to bed as a result of watching movies and home motion pictures, coming about into get up late toward the beginning of the day, separation to class and keeping companions who are not students† (Oghuvbu, 2008). These outcomes went reliable with the consequences of Oghuvbu’s reference examines which demonstrates that lateness among understudies have been a developing issue and that it is caused, in view of the understudies as well as in light of the absence of forcing discipline from the guardians. Another exploration halfway learned about lateness yet handled a particular exp lanation or factor. An examination by Pimentel and Quijada (2011) concentrated on the recurrence of utilization by the UP Cebu first year recruits understudies of Facebook and a piece of the investigation handled about the impact of the acclaimed informal communication site to UP Cebu students’ dependability and scholastic execution. For their investigation, Pimentel and Quijada gathered 60 respondents and gave them polls. The polls contained inquiries that pose to the respondents about their utilization of Facebook and its belongings. A specific inquiry posed to the respondents if late-night utilization of Facebook affects their reliability. As per the consequences of the investigation, three out of 60 respondents are in every case late, eight said they are once in a while late, 12 said they are only from time to time late and 37 said that they never get late because generally night utilization of Facebook. For the most part, the outcomes demonstrated that the respondents are rarely late in class in view recently night utilization of the long range interpersonal communication site. Ledoux, as refered to by Pimentel and Quijada, said that absence of rest causes neural breakdowns and further influences a person’s conduct. In the study’s case, it is a student’s dependability that is influenced. Here and there, it isn't exclusively the students’ issue why they continue being late in coming to class. Another factor that could influence the reliability of an understudy is the reaction of the educators to late understudies. Sprick and Daniels (2007) expressed that the scope of the teachers’ reaction was â€Å"from overlooking them to sending them to office† (p. 21). This variety could lead the understudies to disarray with regards to the fact that it is so critical to be on time in going to class. An

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Singapore Government Organizations

Question: The set up a report suggesting work configuration, expected set of responsibilities (counting detail), enrollment and choice systems that can be received by the organization to satisfy its staffing needs taking into account HR techniques. The organization needs to make a drawing in and spurring work power so as to have an upper hand in the commercial center. Answer: Presentation Globalization of individual associations and capital markets over the span of the most recent two decades has changed the business scene. Various firms have broadened tasks abroad, and even completely neighborhood associations are facing competition from abroad. To respond to overall contention, firms are using new advances to give better, lower-cost answers for their customers, yet these mechanical improvements have provoked reliable improvement of customers likewise contenders. Meanwhile, overall capital markets are convincing firms to create and diminish costsnot a basic achievement (Bernard, 2002). These examples are pushing associations to manage their points of interest as feasibly as could be normal considering the present situation especially their HR. This report will research a blend of ways to deal with modify your general HR framework to the new substances of overall competition. We should initially inspect how one association responded to this new weight. Marina Bay is an inlet close Focal Territory in the southern bit of Singapore, and deceives the east of the Downtown Center. The zone incorporating the Bay itself, in like manner called Marina Bay, is a 360 hectare development to the adjoining Focal Business Area. The URA Expert Arrangement for Marina Bay intends to help a blend of uses for this domain, including business, private, hotel and redirection (DeNisi Griffin, 2011). The Singapore government in like manner consumed $35 million to complete the 3.5 km Waterfront Promenade around Marina Straight. It consolidates another eco-obliging visitor center and The Helix associating Bay front to Marina Focus where the Young Olympic Park is put. The Projection @ Marina Bay (beforehand Focal Projection Site) will be used as a between time event space and open space used for works out, for instance, theaters and celebrations. Occupation structure It is only here and there practical for vocations to be proposed to meld all the properties recorded when assessment is about Human Resource Administration. Some should be traded off against others (Gyorfi, Ottucsak Walk, 2012). Imitating are the key norms of occupation laying out in Human Resource Administration. The different and fundamental Employment plan guidelines are appeared in beneath. Structure a perceptive whole, either self-governingly or with related occupations. Execution of the business (or livelihoods) should make a tremendous pledge to the realization of the thing or organization, a dedication which is clear to the occupation holder. Give some collection of pace, framework, zone and fitness Give contribution of execution, both explicitly and through others Think about some caution and control in the planning, course of action and pace of work attempts Fuse some commitment with respect to result Allow to learning and basic speculation (inside the solitary's wellness) Be viewed as driving towards a charming future Offer opportunity to progression in manners that the individual finds relevant. As per the contextual investigation, the HR Manager of Marina Bay was chosen and proposed some employment configuration like a private gambling club for some most renowned individuals who are in lodging just as a private rec center with pool (Ishikawa Tsujimoto, 2008). This two occupations are plan and proposed for the expanding the benefit for Hotel. The private rec center just as private gambling club is set up by some input of customers or clients of lodging. Enrollment Strategy This unit tends to the capacities and data expected to make an affiliation's enrollment and assurance methods. It covers working with partners to make, execute and evaluate the methods and approaches used as a piece of enlistment and assurance. Review affiliation's ability to enlist and select the pined for laborers Energize improvement of enrollment and assurance frameworks Arrange the use of enlistment and assurance frameworks Screen and review the reasonability of enrollment and assurance frameworks Review affiliation's ability to enlist and select the pined for laborers Look at floats that may influence on enlistment and decision strategies Recognize various leveled issues that may influence on enlistment and decision Bestow and present examination results to organization gathering to ensure organization buy into enlistment and decision strategies Support improvement of enrollment and assurance frameworks Endorse techniques that alter existing definitive and people organization/human capital organizations and strategies with enrollment and decision essentials Select fitting enlistment channels and decision techniques Confer enrollment and decision procedures to appropriate partners Facilitate the use of enlistment and assurance frameworks Lead the people organization/human capital gathering in making a movement intend to execute enrollment and decision procedures Assurance that adequate resources are made open to pass on focuses of the enrollment and assurance frameworks Help people organization/human capital gathering in the utilization of enlistment and assurance frameworks Survey the fittingness of techniques against affiliation destinations and targets and recognize obliged changes to people organization/human capital organizations and strategies Screen and review the suitability of enlistment and assurance frameworks Make techniques and systems for get-together estimation data and analysis Separate estimation data and analysis to make sure about execution against obliged rules Study best takes a shot at relating to enrollment to recognize potential upgrades Recommend refinements or modifications to enrollment and assurance philosophies Choice Strategy Participating in the method improvement strategy incorporates proactive assessment and investigating your forceful environmental factors and your inside activity. You secure a fundamental course, make methods that are proposed to move the firm in that heading, and execute those strategies, all in a push to satisfy key partners (Kets de Vries, 2014). The strategy begins with an assessment of your organization's qualities, shortcomings, openings, and dangers (known as SWOT examination). SWOT assessment is intended to assist you with picking frameworks that (1) misuse definitive characteristics and regular chances or (2) murder or defeat various leveled deficiencies and normal threats.3 Qualities are resources and limits that can provoke a high ground, similarly as a remarkable region on the other hand excellent organization transport. Weaknesses are resources and capacities that your firm doesn't have, and their unfortunate inadequacy puts the association by surprise. Openings are cert ain conditions in the extensive and working circumstances, for instance, perfect cost rousing powers. Threats are conditions in the extensive and working circumstances that may block force, for instance, a move in purchaser tendency. After techniques are figured, plans for executing them are made and finished, as exhibited in Figure giving in underneath. To transform into a productive chief in the cheerfulness business, you expect system to help chart a course, organize others, and moderate essentialness. Without a long stretch key bearing, your activity will drift and your organization gathering will choose clashing decisions, subsequently wasting both imperativeness and resources. Execution As a housing property boss, your major indispensable organization commitments join making the general heading of the claim to fame unit, advancing examination of the changing industry situation, choosing a forceful procedure and the specific systems expected to finish it (imperative carriage), and regulating advantages for make a reasonable high ground. A champion among the most generally perceived ways you can pass on your housing's imperative going to make an announcement out of direction, which is a compact enunciation of the housing's inspiration that describes the degree of the activity (Neil, 2012). Mission statements routinely consolidate information on organizations served, customers, things, organizations, agents, territory, and indispensable contrivances. To accommodate you an example of a cautious crucial, Marina Bay, grants its principles and heading in the mission statement showed. This indulgence royal residence motel rests amidst 840 segments of place that is known for formal walled in areas and characteristics a Robert Trent Jonescomposed green and a couple of fine eateries. Marina Bay has prepared a mission statement that passes on its guidelines and a capacity to know east from west to both inside partners, (for instance, laborers), and outside partners (unmistakably, clients), as you see, a mission statement is more than basically what your motel does (Patnaik Talukder, 2007). Or maybe, to begin setting a pleasing heading, you should think similarly as the benefits the hotel has and the learning people hold. The going with are rules for prepare mission statements: Usage terms that are sensible to laborers. Word your focal objective to move the human spirit. An individual should examine the declaration and like working for the housing. Engaging (yet not trendy expression) trademarks can assist people with reviewing the mission. Keep the mission statement as short as could sensibly be normal. Extensively scatter the mission. Pass on the strategic agent End Human resources are imperative to the achievement of your business. Without using

Friday, August 21, 2020

The Broke Persons Guide to Earth Day How to Go Green and Save Green

The Broke Persons Guide to Earth Day How to Go Green and Save Green The Broke Persons Guide to Earth Day: How to Go Green and Save Green The Broke Persons Guide to Earth Day: How to Go Green and Save GreenLiving a more environmentally friendly lifestyle doesnt have to make your bank account miserableâ€"just follow these expert tips!Hello reader. Perhaps you’ve heard about a very special planet. It’s floating around the Milky Way Galaxy and, as far as current science is aware, it’s home to more gerbils than anywhere else in the universe. It’s a planet we like to refer to as “The Blue Ball That Sustains Us All” or, occasionally, “Earth.”But not everything is well on this Earth of ours. Between climate change, non-degradable garbage filling the ocean, and climate change again, it’s clear that we humans (and some of the more intelligent gerbils) need to make some big changes in our consumption habits. And while the most important changes are going to have to come on a large scale, it’s certainly not a bad thing for individuals to help in any way they can.Sure, being environmentally friendly can get exp ensive if you aren’t careful. But if you plan ahead and consider the advice we’ve gathered from the following experts, then you’ll be able to save money and the environment at the same time!Lost in space (heater).Earlier this year we offered some ways that you can save on heating costs. Many of those methods involve lowering your energy use, which is good for the planet.“Use a space heater,” recommended Holly Peterson, owner of  Elite Retirement Strategies. “To save on utilities throughout the year, consider using a space heater to keep your area warm instead of spending money to heat your whole house or apartment. A space heater can be an economical way to make it through the cold winter months.”Reduce and reuse.Humans make a lot of trash. It would be good if we could make less trash. And if you’re throwing fewer things away, that likely means you’re also purchasing fewer things in the first place.“You may have seen painful videos of sea turtles found with plast ic straws or forks up their noses,” said Eric Otjen of the  Seaworld Rescue Team  (@SeaWorld). “Using reusable materials is a small but effective way to reduce the plastic pollution that harms marine life.Choose to drink strawless or buy reusable metal ones. Drink from water bottles instead of disposable cups. If you go out to eat, bring your own containers to take home leftovers. And instead of balloons at your birthday, use biodegradable confetti or rice paper lanterns.”Meatless or meat, less.If you like eating meat, giving it up can seem impossible. But even just replacing meat for a few meals each week can be good for your wallet, your health, and your planet.That being said, if you want to go totally meatless, it’s easier than it has ever been.One of the ways you can save the planet on a budget is to adopt a plant-based diet,” explained Siavash Ghazvinian, Co-Founder of  EthicalTree (@ethicaltree). “Not only is the meat farming industry one of the largest contributo rs to climate change, but meat is one of those grocery items that can really break the bank as well.There are many plant-based products that can offer you the same nutritional benefits as meat for a portion of the cost. For instance, consider using tofu or beans instead of beef or chicken as a protein source in your next meal.Switch up your appliances.Replacing your appliances with more efficient ones will require some upfront spending, but it could help save you money in the long run. Also, Mother Nature will appreciate it.“To save on your utilities, make sure you’re using ‘green’ or efficient appliances,recommended Peterson. “Installing faucet aerators will help to conserve water by limiting the flow through your faucet (and also reduce the energy used to heat the water).You can also install a low-flow showerhead and LED light bulb. A programmable thermostat will save you money on your utilities by turning down the heat automatically at night.”Water you waiting for?Are you drinking enough water each day? We hope so! Your body needs it to function properly. But don’t leave the faucet running between refills.“Running water from a central facility into your bathroom requires a high amount of energy that releases greenhouse gasses into the environment,” warned Otjen. “Over time, this carbon emission negatively affects marine animals’ food supply and ecosystems.Putting a brick in the back of your toilet is a simple way to reduce your water usage every dayâ€"it displaces water in the tank, allowing you to use up to half a gallon less per flush.”Slow food.Aside from what you eat, changing how you eat can be an important step.“Sitting in the drive-thru at your favorite restaurant or coffee shop may be convenient, but it burns gas that turns into harmful air pollution,” advised Otjen. “That air pollution ultimately ends up in the ocean, exposing sea otters, dolphins, and other animals to deadly toxins. Instead, go inside to place your or derâ€"you can burn more calories that way, too.”And of course the more you can eat at home, the better.“Learning to cook can be hard, but if you take advantage of meal prepping, you’ll be able to stretch your money even further and cut down on food waste,” suggested Peterson. “Leftovers make great lunches for work!“Gardening and growing your own food is a great hobby that will save you money over time. This one obviously takes some time for the payoff, but you can grow your own plants in your backyard or in pots, they don’t require too much time and homegrown food always seems to taste better.”Let’s all work together to save the planet! And if you can save some money while you’re doing it, all the better! To learn more about ways you can save money, check out these other posts and articles from OppLoans:How to Save Money on Plane Tickets and Air TravelThe Broke Person’s Guide to Spring Cleaning50 Places That Will Give You Free Stuff on Your Birthday5 Great Tips to Save Money on Your Wifi BillDo you have a   personal finance question youd like us to answer? Let us know! You can find us  on  Facebook  and  Twitter.  |  InstagramContributorsSiavash Ghazvinian studied International Development and Globalization with a specialization in Behavioural Economics at the University of Ottawa. During his studies, he started a non-profit, which inspired him to start his own business. He cofounded EthicalTree (@ethicaltree), an online directory with thousands of restaurants, cafés, shops, and other businesses that sell products or services based on the ethical preferences that matter to their patrons; including Veg-Friendly, Fair Trade, Organic, or Woman-Owned businesses.Eric Otjen is part of the  Seaworld San Diego Rescue Team  (@SeaWorld). For 26 years, he’s helped serve as a line of defense for local wildlife facing man-made and environmental threats. Today, Eric’s job is focused on transporting rescued animals, moving them safely across countr ies and oceans. He takes on the role as planner, health monitor, and delivery supervisor, figuring out the logistics of the transport and accompanying the animals on the flight.Holly Peterson is the owner of  Elite Retirement Strategies in Twin Falls, Idaho.

Monday, May 25, 2020

Mankind Is No Island - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 1 Words: 360 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/09/26 Category Cinematographic Art Essay Did you like this example? Thus fundamentally, this short film takes on a different approach compared to the other two texts, as it exemplifies the notion of how one’s sense of belonging can essentially be hindered upon by barriers in life and a lack of acknowledgement by the wider community. Factors such as poverty, hunger and homelessness can ultimately become catalysts that results in one being excluded and seen by others as incoherent ‘outcasts’. As a result of a lack of connection to a home or with people, homeless individuals in society ultimately have limited or no sense of belonging. This idea is effectively expressed in the short film when the director captures the scene of a homeless man kneeling on a footpath, whilst many by passers stream past him, quite oblivious to his existence. The man’s submissive pose with his head bowed suggests that he feels inferior compared to others in society and his reluctance to make eye contact with anyone highlights this limited sense of connection and belonging. Interestingly, the shot subsequent this scene is of a heart-shaped balloon falling down onto the floor; symbolically implying that those that are homeless lack the warmth of love and care thus their sense of identification with those around them is gradually diminishing. Furthermore, the quick montage of signs quoting ‘no fortune to indulge, no sunflower, no rainbow, no successful life’ essentially illustrate the repercussions of being homeless and is indicative that such individuals experience a limited sense of belonging, to the extent where they are deprived of a ‘successful life’ and any ‘fortune to indulge’. The repetition of the ‘no’ reinforces this notion of how one can be severely hindered in an attempt to ‘fit in’ and belong to society. The lack of dialogue alongside the somber music playing in the background is an effective technique utilized by the creator as the tra gic nature of the situation is highlighted, evoking a sense of compassion and empathy from responders. Overall, it can be said that as many homeless people have little or no framework of direction in their life and are generally overlooked by the wider society; their sense of belonging is inevitably obliterated. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Mankind Is No Island" essay for you Create order

Thursday, May 14, 2020

Essay on Social Inequality According To Picketty

Essay on Social Inequality According To Picketty The dynamics of accumulation and distribution of capital which has accounted for the long-term distribution of inequality that lies in the heart of the political economy. In Capital of the twentieth century Picketty gives an analysis of the unique collection of adequate data for the clear introduction of the thesis. Inequality is traced back to the 18th century seeking to uncover the economic and social inequality patterns. Income inequality refers to the extent to which income is distributed in an uneven manner amongst populations. â€Å"In the United States income inequality refers to the gap between the rich and the poor that has been growing and increasing at a disproportionate rate since 1970 and for the past 30 years† (Picketty 22). Income includes all revenues generated from wages, salaries and interests accrued from saving accounts as well as dividends from shares and profits generated from the trade and sale of such shares. This means almost half of the American population had income totaling this amount while the other half had less than that. For instance, the majority of the population had less income. According to Thomas Picketty analysis of the American income distribution patterns between 1970 to now, there is a general trend in the decrease of the gap between the rich and the poor. The incomes at the bottoms were rising faster than incomes at the top. â€Å"However, since 1970 this trend has reversed. In 2008, the top richest household’s shares had doubled in 2007; the rich had a relatively higher season in the wealth and income sector† (Picketty 36). The great recession of 2008 saw American populations resume the twenty-first with a crashed stock market. However the top earning echelon of society had higher incomes than the bottom layer. Income disparities and inequalities are attributed to the super managerial and financial budgeting by top management. Super managers and those who manage finances for their institutions have had a great impact on the financial and income generation of these firms. The ethical and economic requirement of the reduction of inequality is the aspect of globalization and public policy. The rich should pay higher as compared to the poor low income earners. There is a high correlation between the top income earners and the higher pretax shares in American. The evolution of the tax predictor is a good measure and indication of reducing the wage inequality. â€Å"This has different policy implications meant at the reduction of wage inequalities† (Picketty 60). Picketty gives an analysis of how the free market has created a loophole in the current concentration of wealth as the rate of capital returns on property and investments has been historically higher than the current economic growth. This is highly contributed by the fact that majority of Americans particularly the poor Americans do not own housing but live in situations where houses are owned by landlords. Majority of the inequalities in the capital and wealth section is caused by the art of wealth inheritance. Inheritance on wealth creates a system of inequality in society regarding the fact it does not cater for instances where the initial founder of the estate was a self made man or woman. â€Å"Wealth concentration and its later inheritance factors escalated the recent increase of inequality in capital and wealth investments caused by demographic and economic factors† (Picketty 136). Inheritance of wealth and its subsequent concentration of wealth by the younger generation results to the general increase in the wealth redistribution patterns amongst the struggling poor class â€Å"who have no inheritance† (Picketty 346). Wealth concentrated as a result of inheritance is a great contributor of social inequality. It hampers the opportunity to create wealth on an equal platform. Thomas Pickettys gives an analysis of the twenty first century inequality amongst the developed world populations. Pickett gives an analysis of the current situation by tackling on wealth redistribution and massive taxation to the rich in order to leverage income for the poor. In his book Picketty asks basic fundamental questions. The reduction of the inequality that took place in most developed countries began in the period of colonization particularly in Europe. The accumulation of capital by these countries acted as a cautionary measure against tough times. However, during the post war times the consequence of wealth accumulation led to the historical suicide of Europes wealth inequality and it is a founding Euthanasia for American capitalists. The Same measure applies to the American society. The effect of wealth and capital inequality was very evident in the 19th century. Landlords in America have an advantage of accruing capital since they not only own the property, but also found the means to accrue that capital. â€Å"This dates back to the period of slavery in America where southern slave owners produced more agriculturally due to their accrued capital in ownership of land and the subsequent means of production that is labor† (Picketty 231). Picketty tries to account for historical returns and its effects accrued by capital owners and its contribution to inequality for growing income and capital distribution. The inequality of wealth and capital in the twenty first century sows the seeds of unequal redistribution and generates a historical trend of economic injustice. The cure for such inequalities is the implementation of a universal global tax system that seeks to establish as well cut and reduce instantly in wealth inequality. The accrued capital which usually is passed through inheritance grows many times more than the general economy thus sowing seeds of growing income and wealth inequalities. The implementation of steep tax in both the income tax and wealth tax would reduce the disparities globally. The general overriding evidence in his central argument is the ailing nature of Americas capitalism. He argues that capitalism and the general markets should be the slaves of democracy and not the other way round. In his deep analysis, Picketty offers a solution through wealth taxation â€Å"to cut on crude capitalism prompted by the accruing effects of wealth† (Picketty 109). This is the theoretical compatible with inequality suppression. He argues that the global wealth distribution needs reshuffle in order to bring it into balance. The capitalism of wealth in America is not entrenched within these boundaries that do not respect for acquisition and disposal of capital within a regime protection of these social liberties. The state through universal legislation can redistribute wealth equally at will. â€Å"This can also be done by embracing policies and measures meant to eradicate high tax policy systems endorsed in capital in the 21st century† (Picketty 100). He argues that the unchecked nature of modern capitalism is geared towards greater and even greater wealth inequality. There should be an effective system where deductions from household incomes should not be uniformly distributed. For instance, there should be a running and effective system of employer provided and fully funded insurance policy. â€Å"This should also be in line with the current workers compensation schemes† (Picketty 260). Mere progressive taxation and transfers would not entirely contribute or account to the address of income inequality. This is meant to boost income concentration and reduce the gaps between the rich and the poor in capital gains. â€Å"The global wealth tax would create a system of statistical transparency† (Picketty 334). Global taxation system would decentralize capital to the common man. Income capital would be taxed evenly along a statistical path that seeks to establish fairness and competence. According to Picketty, the current tax system that he proposes to be included in the capital and wealth gains seeks to reduce the pattern that has enhanced an inequality in the wealth patterns rather than increased consumer prices. There is also an emerged trend in the 21st century cultural factors that have projected a patrimonial breadwinner have increased income and wealth disparities amongst individuals in America. This system discourages investment and combined pull of resources and wealth. In a system where assets prices have increased faster than consumer prices this is an indication that capital and wealth income distribution is evident in American society. Many male workers have derived higher incomes from a labor system in America where males are traditionally perceived to be breadwinners. Thus, society should not just ignore Picketts highlights on inequality as a theoretical framework of the twenty first century Enlightment but should implement its policies to the later. There are several implications and lessons derived from Picketty are economic analysis. For instance, his remarks on capitalism in the twenty-first century has been criticized as the 21st century of the post Marxist revolutionary that seeks to undermine democracy and destroy chances of equitable opportunities in the economy and sustainable growth. There are many lessons learnt in this. â€Å"This is the twenty-first century philosophical idealism of the power of positive thinking, where historical inequality in income and wealth disparities is bound to repeat itself in the twenty first century† (Picketty 263). It is a theoretical revolution that seeks to reestablish the equal distribution of income and capital gains. Picketty gives a solution to the bulging and ever widening income inequality by the poor through capital investment and wealth creation. It is an econometric system where the poor can afford to bank on assets that have higher returns as compared to consumer products. â€Å"Earnings and wealth inequality can be addressed through universal and global tax system that is aimed at revenue generation from those who have and redistributing it to those who have not â€Å"(Picketty 353). The ruling elite who comprise the private sector have dwarfed national income and concentrated in the hands of the rich. The future effects of the rising inequality are relatively unstable. Inequality as Marx historically argued that social stratification in society is the rotten fabric of unethical and unequivocal economic production. In conclusion, Picketty argues that the problem of inequality is not caused by the benefits and income paid to the poor but the increasingly unequal wealth commanded by the rich. The general public debt that largely benefits the rich in unequal economic pattern is paid uniformly across all individuals. Amongst the perpetrator of this system is a pattern of lack of incentives for the poor enterprising poor and the incentive wealth concentration by the rich. Work Cited Picketty T. Capital and the Twenty-First Century, Harvard University Press, 2014.

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Disney The World s Largest Media And Stimulation...

The Walt Disney Organization, or Disney, is the world’s largest media and stimulation company with resources including media systems, studio, theme parks and resorts, and merchandise. Disney was established on October 16, 1923 by Walt Disney and Roy O. Disney and was first known as the Disney Siblings Toon Studio. The organization turned into The Walt Disney Company in 1986 when it then ventured into the aforementioned markets. The Walt Disney television and media division include the ABC telecom company, ten communication stations and associated organizations that include ABC Family, Disney Station, Toon Disney, and ESPN. The Walt Disney studio division produces movies through different lines such as Walt Disney Pictures, Touchstone, Pixar, Wonder Excitement, and most common lately, Lucasfilms. The Walt Disney Parks and Resorts division includes operations of 14 theme parks, 43 resorts, and four cruise lines (About The Walt Disney, n.d.). Disney is a world-renowned brand. 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Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Barn Burning By William Faulkner Essay Research free essay sample

Barn Burning By William Faulkner Essay, Research Paper # 8220 ; Barn Burning # 8221 ; by William Faulkner # 8220 ; Barn Burning # 8221 ; describes the development of Colonel Sartoris Snopes ( Sarty ) with his coming to manhood and the attendant rejection of his male parent ( Mr Snopes ) . From the beginning of the narrative, we witness the turning struggle between the two characters which is identified from the beginning of the text with the male child # 8217 ; s anxiousness. However, through this latent emotional ( and physical ) rebellion, what the male child comes through is the find of immorality, embodied by the patriarchal figure whose destructive will seems to command everyone and everything. This despairing state of affairs tears the male child in two because he doesn # 8217 ; t seem able to take between # 8220 ; the old fierce of blood # 8221 ; ( the fidelity to his male parent ) and his push towards justness and truth. We will see that # 8220 ; Barn Burning # 8221 ; is really the narrative of an induction that will take to the male child # 8217 ; s concluding refusal to assist and back up his male parent. By denouncing this one, Sarty will claim his ain individualism and will derive his independency and freedom. The resistance of sharecrop farmer ( Mr Snopes ) and aristocrat ( Mr de Spain ) suggests societal deductions. Several elements refer to this possibility. The male parent points out that de Spain # 8217 ; s house is built with # 8220 ; nigger sudate # 8221 ; every bit good as the white perspiration of the sharecrop farmer. He seems to see himself as a victim of an unjust socio-economic system: he # 8220 ; Burnss with a ravening and covetous rage. # 8221 ; ( p.169 ) , he is the # 8220 ; component of fire # 8221 ; , the storyteller speaks to # 8220 ; some deep mainspring # 8221 ; of Mr Snopes being # 8220 ; as the component of steel or pulverize radius to other work forces, as one arm for the saving of unity # 8230 ; used with discretion. # 8221 ; ( p.166 ) . The male parent does non do any favoritism between the rich and the hapless. For him, there are merely two classs of people: blood family and # 8220 ; they # 8221 ; , into which he lumps all the remainder of world and this division relates to his boy # 8217 ; s crisis ( to be related to the job of designation excessively ) . The physical description we are given about the male parent is ever presented through the eyes of his boy. The male parent truly seems to be a sort of shade which would come in no affair the topographic point ( # 8221 ; his male parent # 8217 ; s pes were gone # 8221 ; , # 8220 ; the silhouette was standing over him # 8221 ; ( p.172 ) . Perennial images dominate his description: foremost, inkiness and rigidness, # 8220 ; in his black Sunday coat # 8221 ; ( p.163 ) , # 8220 ; the stiff black coat # 8221 ; ( p.164 ) , # 8220 ; a form black # 8221 ; ( p.166 ) , # 8221 ; the stiff black back # 8221 ; ( p.168 ) , the stiff and implacable hitch # 8221 ; ( p.170 ) , the stiff pes ( p.172 and 179 ) . At times, he proves to be a inactive figure but metallic imagination and a sense of cold force are besides used in his portrayal: # 8220 ; his male parent had said no word yet # 8221 ; ( p.162 ) , # 8220 ; his voice cold and harsh # 8221 ; , # 8220 ; the harsh, cold voice # 8221 ; ( p.164 ) , # 8220 ; the voice harsh like Sn # 8221 ; ( p.166 ) , # 8220 ; His male parent had non spoke once more. He did non talk once more # 8221 ; ( p.170 ) , # 8220 ; his pes striking # 8230 ; it carried # 8221 ; ( p.p. 172-173 ) . It happens that the same words are used to depict different characters. We find in the description of the characters the same manner to reiterate things. For case, the same words are used to picture the male parent and his older boy who so seems to be the spitting image of that one. The older boy has accepted his destiny ; his male parent passed on the torch to him ; this can be seen with the phrase: # 8221 ; His male parent handed the reins to the older boy # 8221 ; p.167. All the members of the household are submitted to the male parent # 8217 ; s will, whether it be Sarty, his female parent, his aunt, his brother and his sisters. They are inactive figures who embody a entire deficiency of willingness. They remain cryptic and they indicate no desires throughout the narrative. We can observe that each character ( in the household ) seems to hold his two-base hit: the male parent with the older boy, the twin sisters, the female parent and her sister ; most of the clip, Sarty shows indifference towards them but he experiences a existent disdain for his sisters he sees as bovine ( p.167 ) and looming ( p.164 ) . They are about depicted as human cowss. In the narrative # 8217 ; s climatic scene, Mr Snopes orders his married woman to keep her boy to forestall him from warning de Spain that he intends to fire his barn. Ms Snopes is a will-less character who symbolises the strong power of her hubby # 8217 ; s will ; his implacable force is therefore projected on the figure of the female parent, looking momently in the room access, her face and eyes filled with desperation ; ( p.171 ) but in all scenes, she remains a peripheral figure without life or power, like the stopped custodies of the inlaid clock which was her dowery ( p.165 ) . All the members of the household go the male parent # 8217 ; s extension of his will. On the other manus, the narrative is centred on Sarty # 8217 ; s emotional quandary. Faulkner topographic points heavy accent on the sensational inside informations that the male child feels. This can be seen in the gap paragraph when we find that he is unconsciously cognizant that things are go oning. Then, there is the esthesis that the male child believes he feels, the odor of the meat. This is related to the feelings that he can non show. The odor, mentioning to the olfactory sense, links the devil image and the blood image to place the anxiousness the male parent creates in the kid # 8217 ; s mind. The lasting mention to blood refers to the yesteryear, where you come from, to your beginnings and your # 8220 ; posterities # 8221 ; ( p.165 ) . Tension is created by the blood ( # 8221 ; the old fierce of blood. # 8221 ; p.162, # 8220 ; the old heartache of blood # 8221 ; p.164 ) .demanding designation with his male parent against: # 8221 ; our enemy # 8230 ; ourn! mine and hisn both! He # 8217 ; s my male parent! ( p.162 ) . Here, we could do a mention to the original wickedness which would look as an unknown threat hanging over the male child and that is passed on from a coevals to another. Sarty has inherited the traditions and the male parent tries to convert his boy that their involvements are indistinguishable. In the 2nd major scene, Mr Snopes leads his boy up the incline, off from the household at the campfire. The kid looks up at the looming figure of his male parent # 8220 ; against the stars # 8230 ; of the frockcoat. # 8221 ; . He strikes his boy # 8220 ; on the side of the caput but without heat # 8221 ; ( p.166 ) , like he had struck the two mules ( p.165 ) and at times he besides speaks # 8220 ; without heat # 8221 ; ( p.p. 166 and 169 ) . These images of cold force and indifference to inflicted hurting convey the kid # 8217 ; s sense of his male parent emotional frigidness. Mr Snopes # 8217 ; s cold force is non an look of hatred or choler: force is a tool, used upon his boy ( as upon the mules ) to do him to make his command. The male parent is violent when he thinks that he has been threatened. The father’s eyes are appropriate to this cold passion with which he beats his boy and burns the barns ( † the shaggy brows beneath which the grey eyes glinted in cold blood â€Å"p.174 ) . The boy uses demonic images to depict his bloodcurdling vision of his male parent. For case, as they go up the thrust, Sarty follows his male parent: traditionally, the Satan casts no shadow and Mr Snopes # 8217 ; figure appears to the kid as holding # 8220 ; that imperviable quality of something cut ruthlessly from Sn, depthless, as though sidewise to the Sun it would project no shadow # 8221 ; ( p.168 ) . Fire, the component of the Satan, is the arm for the saving of his high quality. He can non accept no order beyond his ain. In the text, there are several mentions to Heaven and Hell ( the changeless evocation of the fire with the # 8220 ; vermilion devils # 8221 ; on the tins, p.162, # 8220 ; Damnation! # 8221 ; , p.163, # 8220 ; in the ruddy haze # 8221 ; , p.164, # 8220 ; the visible radiation # 8230 ; flame uping up # 8221 ; , p.173 ) . In the demonic myth, Lucifer asserts his will against the Godhead order and he is cast out of Eden. The angels who fall with Lucif er become extensions of his will. The male parent # 8217 ; s will is so great that it creates a force into which everything ( and everyone ) must flux or be destroyed. He can non digest anybody who would dispute the laterality of his will. By leting his pig to come into the husbandman # 8217 ; s maize and by soiling and destroying de Spain # 8217 ; s carpet, he intentionally creates a struggle that would asseverate his domination. In the same manner, Sarty # 8217 ; s male parent is seen as an castaway and outcast among work forces ( # 8221 ; Leave this state and wear # 8217 ; t come back to it # 8221 ; , p.164 ) but he accepts no order that is non of his blood ( # 8221 ; to larn to lodge to your ain blood # 8230 ; any blood to lodge to you # 8221 ; p.167 ) . For him, he is Abner Snopes versus the remainder of world ; he instructs the male child that everyone is his enemy. For Mr Snopes, # 8220 ; they # 8221 ; is the enemy. The male child says that # 8220 ; If I had said they wanted merely truth, justness, he would hold hit me once more # 8221 ; ( p.167 ) . Sarty # 8217 ; s opposition is a acknowledgment of # 8220 ; something # 8221 ; beyond his male parent. Sarty is fighting to be himself. He answers with such strength to de Spain # 8217 ; s house because he sees it as an object wholly isolated from his male parent # 8217 ; s will. De Spain # 8217 ; s plantation house, on the other manus, provides the kid an nonsubjective image for the moral push bring forthing his rebellion against his male parent. His immediate reaction to the sight of the house is to compare it to a symbol of justness, the courthouse. The truth # 8220 ; they # 8221 ; privation is nil but justness. Mr Snopes would hold hit his boy because such statement would hold been a challenge to his ain will. He forces his male child to subject to the pull of blood by doing him his confederate. Sarty expresses a hope that his male parent will alter. His call ( p.175: # 8220 ; He ain # 8217 ; t done it! ) , protesting his male parent # 8217 ; s artlessness, expresses this despairing hope ; Abner Snopes is what he his whereas his boy is in the procedure of going. A alteration in his male parent # 8217 ; s behaviour would intend that this 1 has recovered a sense of unity and has renounced his destructive force. After the 2nd hearing, the kid insists to his male parent that they don # 8217 ; Ts have to pay the fee ( # 8221 ; He won # 8217 ; t git no 10 bushels neither. # 8221 ; P.176 ) The male parent # 8217 ; s reply calms the kid # 8217 ; s anxiousness and the undermentioned scene is an idealistic 1: for the first clip, Abner appears human. The terrorizing images of rigidness and inkiness are gone. The male child listens to his male parent stating a narrative and we see him split the nutrient with his two boies. But this peaceable interlude ends suddenly that flushing with the female parent anguished call: # 8220 ; Abner! No! No! Oh, God. Oh, God. Abner! # 8221 ; p.177. Abner unjustly accuses Sarty of meaning to bewray him, but making so, he recognises that his boy is traveling out of childhood, developing a head and will of his ain and Sarty shows that he is no longer blindly loyal. He leaves the universe of artlessness to come in with his male parent the universe of wickedness ; the allusions to the odor ( p.162 ) inaugurates this transition. Whereas the other characters are deprived of their individualities, Sarty is in hunt of his. At the terminal, he refuses to look back. But passages in the text make clear that some old ages subsequently, he will make it and will come to understand why he did what he did. Thus, we notice that Sarty does non possess adequate adulthood. For case, he doesn # 8217 ; t cognize the exact nature of his male parent # 8217 ; s service. The storyteller has this information and gives it to the reader in different topographic points: # 8220 ; walking a small # 8230 ; a stolen Equus caballus 30 old ages ago # 8221 ; p.164. He thinks that his male parent fought courageously in the Civil war, but we are told that Mr Snopes had gone to that war # 8220 ; a private, acknowledging the authorization of no adult male # 8230 ; for loot # 8221 ; ( p.181 ) . By alining himself with de Spain, the male childs destroys his male parent and derive his freedom. At the terminal of the narrative, he moves into the hereafter without looking back, reacting, independent, and entirely, to the call of the # 8220 ; rapid and pressing whipping of the pressing and quiring bosom of the late spring dark # 8221 ; ( p.181 ) . The image suggests a feeling of integrity with the universe of nature, a sense of integrity as if the male child had found himself. The description of nature contrasts aggressively with the threatening, stiff, metallic portrayal of the male parent as a life force. The contrast clearly shows that Sarty # 8217 ; s battle is against the inhibitory force his male parent represents. The male child # 8217 ; s anxiousness is created by his rousing sense of his ain individualism and we find that torn between strong emotional fond regard to his male parent and his growth, he needs to asseverate himself ; really, Sarty # 8217 ; s crisis is a psychological one. Sarty can non come place once more. He has denied the most basic of household ties in malice of his determined attempts to adhere to it. By warning de Spain, Sarty identifies himself with an image different than his male parent # 8217 ; s, and merely by go againsting his blood does he derive his freedom. Whether Mr Snopes is really killed, we do non cognize ; it # 8217 ; s non of import. For Sarty, his male parent is dead. He feels relieved because he has destroyed the overpowering image that threatened his rousing individuality and at last, fright and panic are gone. His incubus ended, he awakens at peace and ready for the hereafter.

Monday, April 6, 2020

Adhd Essays - Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder,

Adhd Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common mental disorders among children. About 3 percent to 5 percent of American children are affected by this disorder. This disorder is commonly mis-diagnosed in children who are very hyperactive, assuming that very hyperactive kids have this disorder. In this paper I plan to discuss ideas such as: the symptoms, theories of causation, risks, and how this disorder is looked at and treated. There are signs that a child may be affected by ADHD, which are very noticeable in some cases. Some of the physical symptoms that are involved include hyperactivity, inattention, and impulsitivity. When discussing inattention, the idea that individuals have difficulty sustaining interest in finishing a task, strangely, a person with ADHD may have no problems with attention while doing an activity they enjoy, but won't be able to finish a complicated or new task. People with this disorder are often noted for their inconsistencies, have bad handwriting, miss details, and are often forgetful. But because the individual over-focuses on something of great interest, or something that is highly stimulating, many times an untrained observer may assume that this ability to concentrate negates the possibility of ADHD being a concern, especially when they see children able to pay attention while working one-on-one with someone, doing something they enjoy, or can sit and play a video game or watch television for hours on end. In addition to problems with attention, people with ADHD can be fidgety, and appear to be moving around constantly. Which leads me to myth that all people with ADHD a re hyperactive, this is not always the case. Because society has traditionally thought of a person with ADHD as being ?hyper', many children who have this disorder with no signs of being hyperactive are not being identified or treated. For those individuals who are not hyperactive, they are often thought of as a ?day-dreamers' or an ?absent-minded professors'. The non-hyperactive children with ADHD most often seem to be girls, but it is 5 to 7 more common in boys. (Booth, 2000) Another symptom that is very common in people with ADHD is impulsitivity, which means that the individual seems to be unable to think before they act. They may interrupt others who are talking, blurt out inappropriate comments, or have a hard time waiting their turn. Regardless of the consequence, people with ADHD can out as if they are out of control. Although researchers are still studying exactly what causes ADHD, they know what doesn't cause it, and that is sugar. Sugar and food additives don't cause ADHD, and in research study in 1982 the National Institutes of Health concluded that restricting sugar and food additive consumption only helped about 5% of the children with this disorder. Minor brain injuries from early infection, or birth complications also have been ruled out, head injuries can only explain a few cases of ADHD, not all of them. Television watching, poor home and school environments also don't cause ADHD, they may contribute to behavior that resembles the symptoms. Instead new theories point to low levels of activity in some parts of the brain as an indicator of ADHD. In one study, investigators found that control attention, meaning that areas were less active and caused inattention. Cocaine and heavy alcohol use during pregnancy may also distort developing nerve cell. Using alcohol during pregnancy may cause fe tal alcohol syndrome, which leads to low birth weight, and certain physical and intellectual impairments. Many FAS children also show the same symptoms as children with ADHD. I feel that you can rule out genes, because they probably account for some ADHD causes. Children with this disorder usually have at least one relative with ADHD, with one-third of fathers with ADHD having children with disorder also. More important, identical twins are often both affected.(National ADD, 97) Treatment is available for people who have ADHD, which includes therapy and drug treatment. But in order to make sure these symptoms are from an actual case of ADHD, and not from an emotional or physical disorder, a medical professional would need to look at the history of the symptoms, ruling out any learning disabilities, or physical problems or environmental factors

Sunday, March 8, 2020

Homosexuality Essays - Same-sex Sexuality, Sexual Orientation

Homosexuality Essays - Same-sex Sexuality, Sexual Orientation Homosexuality Summary Two billboards were covered up, yesterday, March 9, as the identity of the man responsible for them was revealed. These billboards angered the civic and gay rights leaders tremendously. Located in Staten Island, they condemned homosexuality by using verses from the Bible. The man responsible for this was Reverend Kristopher Okwedy of the Keyword Ministries in Staten Island. He paid $1,800 to post the two signs for one months time. These signs cited four translations of Leviticus 18:22. It read: Thou shall not lie with mankind as with womankind: it is abomination. These messages were covered up yesterday with McGruff the crime dog and Smokey the bear, when Guy V. Molinari, the Staten Island borough president denounced it, along with local gay leaders. Mr. Okwedys name had remained anonymous until yesterday, when the billboard company released it, with his permission of course. He felt that the company improperly censored him. In a statement he said: This is the land of the free, home of the brave. You are supposed to protect the rights of free speech. I paid money and did not violate any city laws. Donald Rosenthal, a lawyer for the union that owns the billboards, said that the signs were covered up because they did not disclose who paid for the messages. Mr. Okwerdy said, however, that he was never told that he had to put his name on them. He decided to remain anonymous, but would not have had a problem with revealing his name if asked. Daniel Master, legal counsel of Molinari, said that the message should not have been printed even with the name attached: A responsible member of the business community would not have printed this. Issue There are a couple of issues being discussed here. First of all, there is the issue of the first amendment. The first amendment gives the citizens of the United States the right to free speech. Does covering up the signs violate that right? Isnt he allowed to say what he pleases just as the billboard for a car or for a food franchise? The second issue is gay rights. Does this man have the right to bash homosexuals? If so, arent the homosexuals having their rights compromised by this billboard. Should the city allow for making so many people angry, uncomfortable and frustrated just because one man wants to have his say? Opinion I am a very big gay rights activist. I feel that they are people just as heterosexuals are, and blacks and Asians and everyone else for that matter. I hate when their rights as citizens and as human beings get violated by bigots and ignorant people. However, I also feel that the Bill of Rights provides laws for everyone, bigots included. So if a person wants to bash gay people, as long as he is not being violent, I feel that he should have the right to do so. The reason that the city gave for covering up the signs was very weak and implausible. Who cares if the person who put up the signs does not disclose his name? They were just getting a lot of pressure from the gay and civil rights activist, so they found a loophole to cover up the signs. This in no was excuses them from ridding a man his Constitutional rights of free speech and free press.

Friday, February 21, 2020

E-Procurement and Supply Chain Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

E-Procurement and Supply Chain - Assignment Example Manufacturing Source Preparing (MRP) as part of SCM can help plan and figure out the needs and timeframes for new development procedures to be able to estimate item distribution daily activities, and reply to changes in the marketplace or item. It is an application based development planning and inventory control system used to handle manufacturing procedures (Blanchard 2010). Before the internet came along, the ambitions of supply chain application enthusiasts were restricted to enhancing their capability to estimate demand from customers and create their own supply chain run more easily. But the cheap, popular characteristics of the internet, along with its simple, globally approved interaction requirements, have tossed things open up (Blanchard 2010). Now, organizations can link their supply chain with the supply chain of their providers and clients together in a single wide system that improves expenses and possibilities for everyone engaged. This was the reason for the B2B explosion; the idea that everyone a company does business with could be linked together into one big satisfied, supportive family (Simchi-Levi 2007). Of course, truth isn't quite that satisfied and supportive. But these days most organizations discuss at least some data with their supply chain associates.... Suppliers wouldn't have to think how many raw components to purchase, and producers wouldn't have to purchase more than they need from providers to create sure they have enough on side if need for their products suddenly improves. And suppliers would have less vacant racks if they distributed the details they had about income of a company's item in all their shops with the maker (Petrovic-Lazarevic et al 2007). The internet makes displaying your side to others possible, but hundreds of years of mistrust and lack of synchronization within sectors create it difficult (Jacoby 2009.). The benefit of appropriate and precise supply chain details is the capability to create or deliver only as much of an item as there is an industry for. This is the exercise known as just-in-time manufacturing, and it allows organizations to decrease the amount of inventory that they keep. This can cut expenses considerably, since you no longer need to pay to generate and store unwanted products. But many or ganizations and their supply chain associates have a long way to go before that stage of supply chain versatility can be carried out (Jacoby 2009). The benefits from business resource planning are stated to include: lower inventory holding costs lower purchasing costs lower development costs lower bookkeeping and documentation costs lower transport costs lower investment in equipment lower investment in plant lower investment in land reduced assembly-line down-times more versatile manufacturing processes more effective lot styles and scheduling reduced mistakes due to better coordination the cost and efficiency improvements (mentioned above) could increase profitability or increase market share (at a lower price) reduced number of

Wednesday, February 5, 2020

Movie review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Movie Review Example Walter Lee is sure that investing the money in a liquor store will provide the most long-term financial security for the family. He has some friends that want to invest in the business with him, but they are not willing to put up any of their own cash. Momma Younger, played by Phylicia Rashad is sure that getting out of the dismal housing situation they are in would help the entire family most. She has dreams of a nice neighborhood and a spacious house where there is enough room for all the family members to breathe. She has set her sights on a pleasant little house in the Clybourne Park neighborhood. The only problem is this neighborhood is all white. The Youngers would be the first African-American family to live there. Other major characters that have their own dreams and desires that are attached to the money in some way are Benethea and Ruth. Benethea is the sister of Walter Lee and Ruth is Walter Lee’s wife. Their young son’s name is Travis. The updated production is loosely based on the original play. Some of the updating is unfortunate because the feel of the story is altered tremendously. I feel that Phylicia Rashad and Sean Combs are woefully miscast in this production. The original story is about a family that was less polished and more real than the one portrayed in this production. Rashad and Combs are too smooth in their delivery to have credibility as the matriarch and oldest son of a family struggling to get out of the ghetto. Their presence gives the story an air of people pretending (not very convincingly) that they are salt of the earth. Stylistically, the updated feel of the story robs the original of the edginess in the original story. Some of the criticism I feel towards this updated version stems from the way the family reacts to the blatant racism they face from their white neighbors. The family doesn’t seem shocked or even truly angry. Walter Lee seems to be resigned

Tuesday, January 28, 2020

Teens And Anorexia Nervosa Theory

Teens And Anorexia Nervosa Theory Anorexia Nervosa is an eating disorder that causes a person to obsess about their weight and the food they eat (MFMER. 2008, Para. 1). Anyone can have the disease, but women are particularly susceptible. People who have this condition will view themselves as fat when they look in the mirror although they are in reality dangerously thin and far below the normal weight for their bodys height and age (Lofshult, 2006). They attempt to lose weight by starving themselves and often by obsessive and compulsive exercise. This condition can affect people of all ages, yet teens in America are greatly affected by the disease because they are at a vulnerable development stage and extremely subject to body image issues. (MFMER, 2008). Anorexia Nervosa is at its core an issue with self worth and not really about food at all. When teens are struggling with emotional self esteem issues, they will often try to cope with these feelings through the unhealthy practice of losing weight. It is believed that if they are thinner they will be more accepted by society. Anorexia Nervosa, also known as Anorexia, is a disease that causes them to equate self worth with being thin (MFMER, 2010) It can have serious complications on the body and be life threatening if not treated properly. During the early development years of adolescence, the body requires essential nutrients for growth, making the disease especially harmful on the bodies of teens. If not handled appropriately at an early stage, irreversible damage can be done to the body (Lofshult, 2006). This disease is always difficult to overcome, but with early diagnosis and proper treatment, serious complications can be avoided and even reversed. MFMER, 2008). Two theories that can be used to describe and explain Anorexia in teens Eriksons Psychosocial Theory Erickson believed that people go through stages of development from birth to death. There are eight stages of human development in Eriksons Psychosocial Theory. These developmental stages include tasks that result from both biological forces and age related social or cultural expectations (Ashford, J. B. LeCroy, C. W. 2010). Eriksons Psychosocial Theory can be used to describe and explain Anorexia in teens. Teenagers are very much aware of their bodies. According to Erickson teens are concerned with the image they portray to others. During young adulthood which is the fifth stage in Eriksons Theory, the identity crisis that teens face is Identity vs. Identity Confusion. Banduras Social Learning Theory Banduras Social Learning Theory can help explain how Anorexia Nervosa begins. Bandura believed people could influence their environment through conscious cognitive learning. This theory contends that people learn through observations taking place around them. People observe behavior of others around them, known as models. Even if there is no reinforcement of the modeling behavior a person may imitate the behavior observed (Ashford LeCroy, 2010). This process requires indirect learning cognition of their environment. It is cognitive because role models must be observed and then information must be processed and stored in their memory to imitate the behavior (Cherry, 2013). Models are the key in the progression of personality development because of the observational learning principle. The Social Learning Theory combines the cognitive processes with learning principles. It ascertains that people learn when watching others, even though there may be no direct involvement (Ashford LeCro y, 2010). Contrast and compare the principal concepts as applied to anorexia in teens According to Eriksons theory, if a teenager is unable to make deliberate decisions they may experience role confusion, which may manifest itself in a number of ways. In the case of eating disorders, role confusion often manifests itself in what Erikson called a moratorium in which teenagers withdraws from adult responsibilities. If teens successfully work through earlier conflicts of childhood such as trusting others and believing in themselves, this moratorium may simply pass. When a teen has and eating disorders their earlier conflicts may not have been worked through, the moratorium stage may keep the teen stuck in childhood. Having an illness such as an eating disorder is a way to extend childhood and to ensure that the child may remain dependent on the parents without having to face the challenges of adult responsibilities. A major component in Banduras Social Learning Theory is self-efficacy (Ashford LeCroy, 2010). This refers to a persons belief that they are able to achieve specific behaviors. When a person has confidence in their ability to achieve a goal it is more likely that they will not give up easily and that they will be willing to work harder to succeed (Cherry, 2013). This is helpful in understanding how the mind works when a person is suffering with Anorexia. Research has shown that the media plays a significant role in the way teens view body image. (Harrison, 2001). Also if a teen believes they are fat, they will see themselves as fat when they look in the mirror, even if they are terribly thin (MFMER, 2010). In comparison, Eriksons theory is inherently dependent upon the childhood developmental stages and Banduras theory hypothesizes that changes can be made in the adult stage though confidence building strategies without accessing childhood experiences. Banduras modeling theory can be used to reshape body image ideals with current effective role models. Erikson theory will need intensive counseling to come to terms with childhood trauma for recovery to be effective (Bandura, Thoresen, Praeger, 2007). Compare and contrast the strengths and weaknesses to explain anorexia in teens The strength of Erikson Theory is that if teens successfully work through earlier conflicts of childhood such as trusting others and believing in themselves, this moratorium may simply pass. Teenagers have to find a balance between developing a unique, individual identity while still being accepted and fitting in. The weakness to this is that a teen has and eating disorders their earlier conflicts may not have been worked through, the moratorium stage may keep the teen stuck in childhood. For girls, even though its completely normal (and necessary) to gain some additional body fat during puberty, some respond to this change by becoming very fearful of their new weight and feel compelled to get rid of it any way they can. Teenagers are overloaded by images of thin celebrities. When you combine the pressure to be like these role models with a changing body, its not hard to see why some teens develop a distorted body image. Teenage that struggling with an eating disorder, are full of co nfusion, self-doubt and the searching for their identity. The strength of Banduras Theory in explaining Anorexia in teens, is how young girls are greatly affected by peer pressure they experience during the teen years (Harrison, 2001). Most women with Anorexia began to develop the disease in their teens, when peer pressure was at its height. However, it has been diagnosed in children as young as young as five years old and in women as old as 90. The American Dietetic Association (ADA) estimates that almost one percent of all female teenagers between the ages of twelve and eighteen have Anorexia Nervosa. It has also been determined that at least thirty percent of all adolescent girls engage in some form of unhealthy form of dieting. Researchers have concluded that teens who diet on a regular basis have a greater potential for developing this disease later in life than those who do not diet at all. For those that diet a severe level, they were eighteen percent more likely to develop Anorexia (Lofshult, 2006). It is important that we educate y oung girls to the possible dangers of excessive dieting (Harrison, 2001). As social workers it is necessary that we become aware of the severe consequences of early dieting and seek to help young people and their parents to understand that dieting can lead to a much higher risk of developing an eating disorder like Anorexia. Education of the disease is needed to change the culture that is promoted in the media today (Lofshult, 2006). Compare and contrast the theories compatibility with social work values and ethics to describe anorexia in teens and its commitment to economic and social justice Eriksons Psychoanalytical theory forms an important part of social work, as it helps practitioners understand the inner mental universe of affected individuals and helps them come up with effective therapeutic techniques. Today, many modern approaches like crisis intervention and cognitive-behavioral theories have evolved out of early psychodynamic explorations, which help people through individual counseling and rehabilitation methods. According to Erikson the period between school entry and puberty becomes a period of learning a mastering the more basic skills needed in society. Teenagers suffer from Anorexia because of the desire to be thin. However there is absolutely no doubt that the body image obsession is a major causal factor in the high incidence of bulimia in Western society. From a social work perspective the existing conditions should not always be perceived as the fault of the individual, based on his or her bad choices. Addressing social justice and encouraging social change is so important to the field of social work that the preamble to the National Association of Social Workers Code of Ethics clearly states that social workers are sensitive to cultural and ethnic diversity and strive to end discrimination, oppression, poverty, and other forms of social injustice. (Delegate Assembly, Approved 1996; Revised 2008, p. 2) Many girls that begin a bulimic lifestyle tend to start on or before puberty a critical stage of development where most of us begin to form lifelong beliefs about ourselves. As social workers must help clients understanding oneself strength, help them define who they are. One of Banduras most famous experiments which exemplified the social theory, through observational learning was the Bobo doll experiment (Ashford LeCroy, 2010) Bandura allowed children to observe an adult behaving violently towards a Bobo doll. Later, the children were sent back into the room with the Bobo doll and the children automatically began to imitate the violent behavior they had seen previously by the adults (Cherry, 2013). Bandura hypothesized from the childrens behavior that humans can learn from just watching others, even though there has been no formal teaching taking place (Ashford LeCroy, 2010). He identified 3 basic models that influence behavior, the live model, verbal instructional model and the symbolic model (Cherry, 2013). The symbolic model best exemplifies how social work values and ethics are related to anorexia in teens and encourages more of a commitment on anorexic teens behalf (Cherry, 2013). It is a clear social and economic injustice that the media is allowed to influence young girls in such a strong way by giving impressions of successful young girls and their size (Harrison, 2001). The symbolic model, involves fictional characters or real people being displayed in books, films, online media or television programs (Cherry, 2013). Society does not specifically tell teens that they need to be thin, but messages are sent via media that say otherwise (Harrison, 2001). Bandura indicated that external, environmental reinforcement was not the only factor that influences behavior. He believed there is also a central reinforcement of our cognitive thoughts, such as pride, satisfaction and a sense of accomplishment. Bandura described these cognitive internal thoughts as cognitive development and said that they could reinforce behavior (Cherry, 2013). Young girls are highly motivated by feeling of acceptance by their peer and due to media representations by social media in America, girls are made to feel pride and satisfaction when thin (Harrison, 2001). Assess the theories contribution to social work practice. Eriksons theory of psychosocial development is one of the best-known theories of personality in psychology among teenagers that struggle with Anorexia. I feel that teenagers are unhappy with the way they look because all of the people on TV are good-looking and are living a good life. I also feel that there is too much pressure in being popular because you would not know who to talk to or to sit with at lunch. This can make teens be overly critical of ourselves, which will eventually lead to self-destruction. Banduras Social Learning Theory has many important implications in the field of teen development. Teachers, parents and medical professionals recognize today that modeling is an important aspect teen behavior. It is common today, for social workers and other professionals to use self-efficacy principles which are found in Banduras Social Learning Theory (Cherry, 2013). New studies show how the brain is linked to positive emotions and having a healthy view of oneself. It is now understood that a persons consciousness plays a major role in how the brain works. The focus of attention of a teen, what they continually think about, can alter their behavior and character (Bandura et al., 2007). Teens are bombarded with thin media in areas such as, magazines, movies, TV programs and billboards, which affects their continued mental processes on the subject (Harrison, 2001). Banduras theories are used to encourage new medical and psychological research that continues to help people learn new b ehaviors by refocusing their cognitive processes through positive outlooks and beliefs. (Bandura et al., 2007). Over the past three decades, Banduras Social Cognitive Theory has been the single most influential and highly cited theory in psychology (Bandura et al., 2007, p. 40). Social work is a professional and academic discipline that seeks to improve the quality of life and wellbeing of an individual. Social Workers we use the strengths perspective assesses the inherent strengths of a person or family, and then builds on them. Strength is defined as almost anything that assists a person in dealing with lifes challenges. It uses peoples personal strengths to aid in recovery and empowerment. Its really about reframing personal perception to find good even in the worst situation.

Monday, January 20, 2020

Creature or Monster? How does Shelleys presentation of the Creature Es

Creature or Monster? How does Shelley's presentation of the Creature and Frankenstein create sympathy or horror at different stages of the novel? Who is the real monster? The novel "Frankenstein" was written by Mary Shelley as a teenager during the 19th century. It was set in Germany in the 18th century, as this was a time of exploration and discovery with scientists and astrologists challenging the accepted order of things and breaking through new boundaries with their discoveries. Many were beginning to question the existence of God, the creator of life and the universe, too. This was in keeping with Shelley's novel because it is a story about a young man who discovered the secret of life, which is the equivalent of doing what only God can do, how to create it and the problems his discovery led to. This man was called Viktor Frankenstein. He came from a wealthy family who were both loving and supportive. He falls in love with Elizabeth, his adopted sister, and all is well until his mother dies of Scarlet Fever. This tears him apart as they were very close and influences him and his future greatly. He determines to become a doctor to find the secret of life so no one need ever die again. This leads him to Ingolstadt University where he is further influenced when he finds out that one of the professors there has also experimented with creating life. He uncovers the truth and ignoring all warnings, begins making his creature from the parts of dead bodies. His unhealthy obsession leads him to neglect his family, friends and studies while he works day and night in a hidden attic. It is this unnatural obsession that gives the novel its first spark of horror. Frankenstein is shocked, horrified and disgus... ...r, he was kind and caring and compassionate just like any other human being, and due to his loneliness and grief he became something that he deeply despises. It is this tremendous guilt that leads him to die with his creator. As he says, "Polluted by crimes and torn by the bitterest remorse, where can I find rest but in death?" He knows that Frankenstein should never have created him and decides it would be best for everybody, including himself if he no longer lives. I don't think either Frankenstein or his creature were monsters. I just think that Frankenstein was a misguided man who made a tragic mistake, albeit a large one to which he had to accept the consequences. The creature was also misguided, his treatment from others led to him becoming a monster but he realized this and did the right thing in the end, showing that he was just misunderstood.

Saturday, January 11, 2020

Damage to the Environment as a Consequence of Worldwide Improvement in the Standard of Living

Damage to environment is an inevitable effect of world-wide betterment in the criterion of life â€Å"The environment is where we all meet ; where all have a common involvement ; it is the one thing that we all share.† —Lady Bird Johnson. The extremely development of scientific discipline and engineering thing effects the populating criterion a batch. Nowadays people suffer from so many jobs for case air pollution, the explosive enlargement of population and the impairment of environment. The environment is formed of the land, air and H2O in which people, animate beings and workss live. A batch of alterations take topographic point in environment daily. Such environmental alterations are impacting a individual ‘s life. Pollution is the most of import factor that makes environment dirty by adding harmful substance to it. Pollution make instability in the environment and besides in human existences life.It is the common job or we can state it is the crisis state of affairs which is enduring by all the universe. The chief types of pollutions are H2O pollution, air pollution, dirt pollution and land pollution which continuously pollutes our surrounding. So here I would wish to set the visible radiation on this affair that how media, public and authorities put their attempts for work outing the environmental issues. some people says that the harm to the environment is an inevitable effect of economic science development. To get down with, allow us cognize what are the causes of environment. The causes are foremost over population, the turning population has resulted in over usage of the natural resources like tree, land, H2O, air, crude oil etc. Second, the cutting down of more and more trees doing forest country decreasing and species are nonextant. During the procedure of mining people cut woods on a big graduated table and degrade the land every bit good as woods. The husbandmans besides following â€Å" displacement agriculture † techniques due to which they cuts down the wood land. In displacement agriculture technique, husbandmans cut a little piece of forest land for cultivation. They grow harvests in that land for a short clip ( i.e. for 3 to 4 months ) and so cut their harvests. Then they move to another topographic point in the wood and cut trees for another harvests. this switching up of agriculture is known as displacement agriculture. Due to this grounds the whole nutrient ecosyst em of wood disturbs and leads to the extinction of species. Cuting down of trees besides lead to climatic alterations and emanation of green house gases. Another cause which adversely affected the environment is industrial development and green revolution.Many big graduated table industries emit harmful gases which causes many diseases such as lung malignant neoplastic disease, skin malignant neoplastic disease and asthma jobs To add on farther, there are besides other causes of pollution Internet Explorer depletion of ozone bed. Due to increase in the quality of CHLORO FLOURO Cs, the ozone bed consuming. Ozone bed protect us from the extremist violet beams which are coming from the Sun. This bed absorbs the UV beams and protect us. As the fume coming out from vehicles and industries, infrigidation and air conditions and usage of harmful merchandises easy being destroy ozone bed. The hairlessness of the ozone bed could ensue in tegument diseases and besides have a great consequence on our eyes.However, the addition in pollution has resulted in planetary heating. The sudden rise in the mean temperature of air and sea on Earth ‘s surface is known as planetary heating. There are so many causes of planetary heating. When oil, gas, fossil fuels and coal Burnss, the C in it combines with air and which increase the temperature of air and sea on the Earth surface. In developed states, coal is used in a immen se degree to bring forth electricity.So when coal burns it produces batch of harmful gases which was absorbed in the O and air.In Australia and England the nursery gasses largely comes from the combustion of fossil fuels and coal as both are the chief beginning to bring forth electricity. It is recorded that Australia uses 77 % of coal to bring forth electricity. Because of this ground the ice-caps in the Polar parts would run and it would ensue in the rise of the H2O degree of seas and oceans. A clip will come when the whole Earth submerge in H2O. At last, due to overgrazing, dirt eroding, acerb rain, landslides, volcanic eruption pollutes the environment. we know Their is no uncertainty that there are figure of causes which are the immense job for the environment. But now there is demand of sustainable development Today in this epoch, with the attempts of our immature coevals, scientific techniques, public, media and the regulations of the authorities playing a important function to non eliminate but manage the jobs of our environment. Out of these, media plays a critical function in the field of environmental issues.2In developed states and urban countries, the usage of print, broadcast and internet media can be a great manner to increase instruction and consciousness by working with the media, authorities bureaus and non net income organisations can assist distribute their message, either by keeping imperativeness briefings, publishing printed imperativeness releases, or even puting up on-line databases that can be used as information Centres. Information Centres can besides assist to both the populace and journalists about environmental issues. Media besides arrange awareness plans in rural country where people are illiterate and do non cognize about how to salvage our environment. They can besides do some little films in which they can direct message to society for salvaging our environment, do some dockets like save H2O and works more trees. They must i ncorporate some cognition about agribusiness so that they can utilize appropriate methods and techniques alternatively the usage of fertilizers and pesticides which pollute non even the harvests but land besides. The chief intent of media is foremost, they provide the intelligence about the jobs which are confronting the people in the universe. Another motivation is, to assist to educate the people about environmental issue by making educational runs, deliverance operations, plans like play and consecutive which helps the people to aware. Furthermore,30 % of the universe ‘s population is under the age of 18, harmonizing to UNEO, which is why educating kids and immature grownups about environmental jobs is important to long-run success. This will assist them further a sense of duty so that when they becomes grownups they will do picks that help the environment instead than harm it. Many school, nevertheless, do non presently teach their pupils about environmental issues. Integrating environmental instruction into current scientific discipline categories or learning environmental scientific discipline as a separate subject is one of the best ways to educate kids and teens about environmental jobs, peculiarly if the categories involve some kind of custodies on acquisition, like to do little gardens and irrigating the workss or caring for an animal3.Public should cognize about the environmental issues and set some stairss to clean and salvage our environment. Celebrities should besides set their attempts and partici pates openly with the populace to aware them. Peoples should kick to patrol if person in their vicinity pollutes the environment. Every individual in this universe have to set some attempts and performed hisher responsibility to work out this job. Like a forestation should be done on big graduated table and people should utilize public vehicle alternatively of private vehicles. Water intervention workss should be installed in all industrial countries. Garbage should be thrown in proper topographic point. Water which we used for rinsing veggies may be used to irrigating the workss in the garden. Hunting should be banned for the safety of animate beings. Last but non the least, cut down, reuse and recycle should be our mantra Alternatively of it, authorities can besides play alone individuality in bettering the environmental issues in every state such as there should be rigorous jurisprudence if people pollute environment. If some pollute the environment, so mulcts would be charged so that they ca n't of all time reiterate the same error in future. Environment instruction should be compulsory in all the Fieldss of instruction. Laws for industrial units should be purely implemented so that contaminated H2O is non disposed off straight into rivers and lakes.So Government should besides censor the usage of plastic bags. In all rural countries there should be proper sewage and purifier H2O intervention workss for salvaging the H2O. Wildlife sanctuaries should be established for the protection of animate beings and woods. By weaving up the thought, it seems to me that environmental job is the badgering concern and persons have a primary function in fall ining custodies with the authorities in salvaging environment. Worlds are responsible for a assortment of environmental jobs, but we can besides take stairss to cut down the harm that we are doing to the planet. This essay discuss environmental jobs and the steps that authoritiess and persons can take to get by up with these jobs. Gas emanations from mills and exhaust exhausts from vehicles lead to planetary heating, which may hold a serious effects on the planet in the hereafter. so our life is in our custodies we have to believe before usage. Mentions: 1.global heating ( lone definition ) – hypertext transfer protocol: //en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_warming 2,3-in this I use my B.sc- 1st semester book Internet Explorer environmental surveies